On Western Digital hard drives, PUIS and Rocket Raid controllers

Disclaimer:  This procedure worked for me.  Use at your own risk.  It uses software not written by me and downloaded randomly off the internet.  If you break something, it isn't my fault.

So a while back I bought 4x1T WD green hard drives (WD10EACS) and a rocket raid 1740 to use with them.  I eventually ended up using them as JBOD (turns out it didnt support hardware raid 5) for a few years with no problems.  This was until I upgraded my server with a motherboard that supported enough sata drives and no longer needed the raid controller.



Turns out, if you ever set staggered spin-up on these drives as I did, it sets some internal flag on the drive to use a thing called PUIS or Power Up In Standby.  This means the drives don't actually start spinning until they receive a request for some data.  Problem is, these particular drives don't support it (or something) and some sort of hack is in place in the rocket raid controller to get around this.  Long story short, none of my drives now work on anything but the RR controller.



This problems is vaguely documented around the web, this
http://forum.hddguru.com/how-reset-puis-drives-after-highpoint-raid-t20208.html
being the most prominent.  It details using various tools and things to get them working again.  After about a day of trial and error, I finally fixed my drives.  To save anyone else the days worth of effort, I've documented my solution here:

Firstly you need to go and find a tool called HDAT2 from http://www.hdat2.com/  download it and create a boot disk for it.
Then a tool called MHDD is needed but you need to inject the bootable ISO with some script files from the above hddguru address.  Problem is, this is quite difficult and requires a floppy drive, or a virtual floppy drive which turns out is quite difficult to use on a 64 bit machine.  Virtualbox and 32bit windows XP to the rescue. After a fair bit of futzing around I finally ended up with a final ISO file that can be burned and booted - the hddguru post doesn't say exactly where one of the bin files needs to go so I had to guess around a bit before getting it right.  Get the bootable ISO from here: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/3869172/bootable3.iso
If you want to make your own, then just remember that PUIS goies in the scripts dir and off.bin goes into the dir above that.

So boot up with HDAT2  (it will likely take a while to get past the bios and detecting your non spun up hard drives) and you should end up with a command prompt.  Type
HDAT /w
the /w is the important part, this will spin up the drives for you and start the hdat application.  We don't actually need HDAT for anything other than spinning up the drives.  All going well HDAT should now see your drives:



Swap your bootable CD with one MHDD one you downloaded (bootable3.iso).  Reset your computer.  This is important. If you shut down or power off your computer the hdd's will stop spinning and you'll have to start again.  You need to reset.  It should actually be quite quick to get past the BIOS now because the drives will be instantly detected.  Wait for MHDD to start and you should end up with something like this:



Now it is just a matter of selecting which drive is causing you problems (in my case both, well 3 actually but one isn't displaying for some reason - perhaps I was being a bit optimistic trying to do all 3 at once).  Once you select the drive by typing its number and pressing enter, type
.puis
After you accept the disclaimer that pops up, it should all be working again.  DRIVES FIXED!

Now a bonus image of the rig I used to get this all working:



Bonus searching keywords stolen from Hddguru:
Drives not identified in BIOS
WD drives don't spin up after removal from Highpoint RAID 23xx 2300 2310
WD PUIS problem
WD PM2 problem
Reset WD PUIS
How to reset WD PUIS
How to fix staggered spin up problem with drives after highpoint Raid
Invisible drives after highpoint raid
Highpoint RAID makes drives unusable

Comments

Stuart said…
Just like to say thanks so much for your post and instructions.

I've been trawling the web for the last couple of days trying to find a fix for this problem

I just recovered 5 x 500GB WD drives that I thought were gone forever.

Regards.

Stuart
poho said…
Great to hear - glad it helped someone!
Unknown said…
Great work. Hope it will recover two of my disks.

Can you re-up the iso, dropbox link is dead.

thx
poho said…
Dropbox link fixed.
Anonymous said…
nice job - just wish I had found this page before I created my own bootable usb - would have saved me some time :)

A shame WD haven't put an official fix on their website though.
Unknown said…
Western Digital drives have some configuration pins that allow you to disable the PM2 feature in hardware: http://wdc.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/958/~/how-to-enable-and-disable-pm2-%28power-management%29-on-wd-sata-drives
Anonymous said…
Handy tip number one.

Do not ever use WD drives where you want data security.

There are all sorts of problems with their internal firmware, many of which include not correctly flushing buffers prior to power down.
you've met one related to power up

That is to say you issue flush commands to clear the cashes to the disk surface and sometimes they just get ignored......

Anonymous said…
Cool. i would love to have the "bootable3.iso". Are you still reading here?
I was able to fix my WD with hdparm in dos. But my commands where ignored by the drive for quite a time. Always got an i/o error too when sending "-s0 hdg".
All of the sutton the drive changed to "puis off".

cheers, perry